Análisis de las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos

Analysis of the psychometric properties of the Social and emotional Competencies Questionnaire SEC-Q in Chilean university students

Marlen Figueroa-Varela , Montserrat Rodríguez Vera
Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, (2023), 55, pp. 10-17.
Recibido el 14 de agosto de 2022
Aceptado el 21 de octubre de 2022

https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.2

Resumen

Introducción/objetivo: Las competencias socioemocionales median la gestión emocional y el ajuste social, son relevantes para el aprendizaje, el desempeño profesional, la salud mental y el bienestar entre otras. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Método: Los participantes fueron 699 estudiantes universitarios, 493 mujeres y 206 varones. La estructura interna se analizó mediante validación cruzada, aplicando análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. La validez convergente y discriminante fue evaluada mediante correlaciones de Pearson entre las subescalas del SEC-Q con: la Escala Autoeficacia Percibida Especifica de Situaciones Académicas, Satisfacción con la vida e Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Resultados: El cuestionario evidencia adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y los cuatro componentes del instrumento original: autoconciencia, autogestión, conciencia social y toma de decisiones; se presentan de acuerdo con lo esperado, una relación directa con autoeficacia y satisfacción con la vida, e inversa con el estrés. La conciencia social presentó diferencias según el género, siendo mayor en mujeres que en hombres. Conclusión: El SEC-Q es un instrumento confiable y válido para utilizar con estudiantes universitarios chilenos.

Palabras clave:
Competencias emocionales, competencias sociales, estudio instrumental, análisis factorial confirmatorio, validación

Abstract

Introduction/objective: Socio-emotional competencies are skills that mediate between emotional management and social adjustment. These skills are relevant for: learning, professional performance, mental health, and well-being. The objective is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Social and emotional Competencies Questionnaire SEC-Q in Chilean university students. Method: The sample included 699 university students, 493 women and 206 men. The internal structure was analyzed through cross validation, an exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis. Convergent and discriminant validity were determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient between the subscales of the SEC-Q with the Scale of Perceived Self-Efficacy Specific to Academic Situations, Life Satisfaction and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: adequate psychometric properties in the questionnaire, observing the four components proposed by the structure of the original instrument – self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and decision-making. These competencies showed, as expected, a positive relationship with self-efficacy and life satisfaction, and an inverse relationship with stress. Also, social awareness presented differences according to gender, being higher in women than in men. Conclusion: The SEC-Q is a reliable and valid instrument for the evaluation of Chilean university students.

Keywords:
Emotional competencies, social competencies, instrumental study, confirmatory factor analysis, validation

Artículo Completo
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