Problemas externalizantes antes y después de la pandemia de COVID-19 en estudiantes del norte de Chile
Pre- and post-pandemic COVID-19 externalizing problems among Northern Chilean students
Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar
,
Patricio Mena-Chamorro
,
Diego Henríquez
,
Alfonso Urzúa
Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, (2024), 56, pp. 224-232.
Recibido el 8 de abril de 2024
Aceptado el 9 de octubre de 2024
Antecedentes: Este estudio buscó analizar las diferencias con respecto a los problemas externalizantes entre adolescentes del norte de Chile en un contexto de pandemia. Método: Se empleó un diseño transversal recurrente. La muestra estuvo constituida por 475 alumnos de establecimientos educacionales de la ciudad de Arica, con edades entre 12 y 18 años. Se midieron los problemas externalizantes de salud mental antes y después de la pandemia de COVID-19. Resultados: Los hallazgos señalan una disminución de las conductas agresivas y un aumento de los problemas de atención e hiperactividad-impulsividad. Además, las cuestiones contextuales y la pandemia de COVID-19 son factores que pueden incidir en el aumento de los problemas externalizantes, según los modelos de regresión lineal múltiple. Conclusiones: El aumento observado en algunos de los problemas externalizantes requiere mejorar la coordinación e integración de los profesionales de salud mental en las instituciones educativas.
Palabras clave:
Problemas externalizantes, niños, adolescentes, salud mental, COVID-19.
Background: This study sought to analyze differences in externalizing problems among adolescents in northern Chile in a pandemic context. Method: A recurrent cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 475 students from educational establishments in the city of Arica, aged between 12 and 18 years. Externalizing mental health problems were measured before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The findings indicate a decrease in aggressive behaviors and an increase in attention and hyperactivity-impulsivity problems. In addition, contextual issues and the COVID-19 pandemic are factors that may impact the increase in externalizing problems, according to multiple linear regression models. Conclusions: The observed increase in some of the externalizing problems requires improved coordination and integration of mental health professionals in educational institutions.
Keywords:
Externalizing problems, children, adolescents, mental health, COVID-19.
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