Efecto conjunto de deterioro cognitivo y condición sociofamiliar sobre el estado funcional en adultos mayores hospitalizados
Joint effect of cognitive impairment and socio-family status on functional status in hospitalized older adults
José Mauricio Ocampo-Chaparro
,
Carlos A. Reyes-Ortiz
Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, (2021), 53, pp. 20-29.
Recibido el 29 de abril de 2020
Aceptado el 8 de marzo de 2021
Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto conjunto de deterioro cognitivo y condición sociofamiliar sobre el estado funcional en adultos mayores hospitalizados. Método: Se usó una cohorte retrospectiva, que incluyó 399 adultos mayores entre 2014 hasta 2015. El desenlace primario fue el estado funcional evaluado con la Escala de Lawton y Brody en cuatro tiempos. El deterioro cognitivo se evaluó con el Examen Mínimo Mental y la condición sociofamiliar con la Escala Sociofamiliar de Gijón. Resultados: Se encontró que el 54% tenían deterioro social y el 86% presentaban deterioro cognitivo. En análisis multivariados, la edad avanzada, la estancia hospitalaria prolongada, la albúmina baja, el deterioro cognitivo, el delirium y el deterioro social se asociaron significativamente con peor estado funcional. Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere que el efecto conjunto entre deterioro cognitivo y deterioro social comprometen más el estado funcional que cada factor por separado.
Palabras clave:
Deterioro cognitivo, deterioro social, ancianos, hospitalización
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the joint effect of cognitive impairment and socio-family condition on the functional status in hospitalized older adults. Method: A retrospective cohort included 399 older adults between 2014 and 2015. The primary outcome was functional status assessed by Lawton and Brody Scale in four times. Cognitive impairment was assessed with the MiniMental State examination and the socio-family condition with the Gijón Socio-family Scale. Results: It was found that 54% had social deterioration and 86% had cognitive impairment. In multivariate analyzes, advanced age, prolonged hospital stay, low albumin, cognitive impairment, delirium, and social deterioration were significantly associated with worse functional status. Conclusions: This study suggests that the joint effect between cognitive impairment and social deterioration compromises the functional status more than each factor separately.
Keywords:
Cognitive impairment, social deterioration, elderly, hospitalization
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