Emotion regulation and executive functions in young and older Brazilian adults
Regulación emocional y funciones ejecutivas en jóvenes y adultos mayores brasileños
Luisa Beatriz Ferreira Bueno
,
Karine Marques de Pinho
,
Corina Elizabeth Satler
Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, (2024), 56, pp. 129-137.
Received 7 February 2024
Accepted 27 May 2024
Introducción/objetivo: El proceso de envejecimiento saludable implica cambios en las funciones neurobiológicas a varios niveles y se asocia con un ligero deterioro en diversos dominios cognitivos, como las funciones ejecutivas (FE), así como con una mejora de las habilidades emocionales. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar el uso de estrategias de regulación emocional (RE) en jóvenes y adultos mayores y explorar la asociación entre habilidades de RE y FE entre los grupos etarios. Método: Participaron 40 jóvenes entre 18 y 39 años (50 % mujeres) y 40 adultos mayores de > 60 años (50 % mujeres), todos residentes en el Distrito Federal (Brasil). Se administraron las pruebas de Fluidez Verbal Fonológica (FAS), semántica y de cambio (animales y frutas) y de acciones, junto al Test de Stroop. Resultados: Hubo una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la estrategia de reevaluación cognitiva (RC) y las pruebas de fluidez verbal semántica y de cambio en jóvenes y entre la estrategia de RC y la prueba FAS y el Test Stroop en adultos mayores. Eso es, el desempeño ejecutivo mostró relación directa con la RE en ambos grupos, con mayor uso de la RC por parte de los adultos mayores. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio resaltan la pertinencia de continuar investigando la relación entre estas habilidades y analizar con mayor profundidad sus alteraciones durante la edad adulta y el proceso de envejecimiento.
Palabras clave:
Regulación emocional, reevaluación cognitiva, supresión de emociones, funciones ejecutivas, envejecimiento.
Introduction/objective: The healthy aging process involves changes in neurobiological functions at various levels and is associated with a slight impairment in various cognitive domains, such as executive functions (EF), as well as the enhancement of emotional skills. The objective of this study was to compare the use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies in young adults (YA) and older adults (OA) and explore the association between ER skills and EF between age groups. Method: Participants were 40 YA between 18 and 39 years of age (50% women) and 40 OA > 60 years old (50% women), residents in the Federal District, Brazil. Phonological Verbal Fluency (FAS), semantic and switching (animals and fruits) and action tests were administered, along with the Stroop Test. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation of the Cognitive Reappraisal (CR) strategy and both semantic and switching verbal fluency tests in YA, and between the CR strategy and the FAS test and the Stroop Test in OA. That is, executive performance showed a direct relationship with ER in both groups, with greater use of cognitive reappraisal by older adults. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the relevance of continuing to investigate the relationship between these abilities and analysing in greater depth their alterations during the aging process.
Keywords:
Emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal, emotion suppression, executive functions, aging.
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