University students with disabilities engage in physical activity to a lesser extent than their able-bodied peers, with women reporting less physical activity than men. The present study aimed to examine gender differences in theory-based predictors of physical activity in this population. Spanish university students with different disabilities (n = 1076) completed measures of the Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs and the reduced Spanish version of the Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments. Self-efficacy and controllability were significantly lower in women and gender differences on the barriers predicting controllability were obtained. In conclusion, the present results could be useful in order to implement physical activity behaviour change interventions which differently target men and women with disabilities.

Keywords:
Exercise psychology, Theory of Planned Behaviour, people with disabilities, health promotion, social ecological model

RLP_52_14_19267

Agiovlasitis, S., Yun, J., Jin, J., McCubbin, J. A., & Motl, R. W. (2018). Physical activity promotion for persons experiencing disability: The importance of interdisciplinary research and practice. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 35(4), 437-457. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2017-0103

Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to action: A theory of planned behaviour. En J. Kuhl y J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action control: From cognition to behaviour (pp. 11–39). Heildelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.

Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665–683. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x

Allison, P. D. (1999). Multiple regression: A primer. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Arbour-Nicitopoulos, K. P., Martin Ginis, K. A., & Latimer, A. E. (2009). Planning, leisure-time physical activity, and coping self-efficacy in persons with spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(12), 2003- 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2009.06.019

Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (1999). Distinguishing perceptions of control from self-efficacy: Predicting consumption of a low-fat diet using the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(1), 72–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb01375.x

Brennan, J., King, R., & Lebeau, Y. (2004). The Role of Universities in the Transformation of Societies. Synthesis Report. London: Association of Commonwealth Universities/Open University.

Carraro, N., & Gaudreau, P. (2013). Spontaneous and experimentally induced action planning and coping planning for physical activity: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 228–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.004

Carroll, D. D., Courtney-Long, E. A., Stevens, A. C., Sloan, M. L., Lullo, C., Visser, S. N., …, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Vital signs: Disability and physical activity – United States, 2009–2012. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 63(11), 407–413.

Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Fundación Universia. (2016). Guía de atención a la discapacidad en la universidad 2016. Madrid: Fundación Universia. Retrieved from https://www.fundacionuniversia.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Guia_Atencion_Discapacidad_2016_ACCESIBLE.pdf

Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2018). Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. The Lancet Global Health, 6(10): e1077–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Haegele, J. A., Hodge, S. R., & Kozub, F. M. (2017). Beliefs about physical activity and sedentary behaviours of adults with visual impairments. Disability and Health Journal, 10(4), 571-579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.03.008

Jaarsma, E. A., Dijkstra, J. H., Geertzen, J. H., & Dekker, R. (2014). Barriers to and facilitators of sports participation for people with physical disabilities: A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 24(6), 871-881. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12218

Kirk, T. N., & Haegele, J. A. (2019). Theory of planned behaviour in research examining physical activity factors among individuals with disabilities: A review. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 36(1), 164-182. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2018-0065

Kissow, A. M. (2015). Participation in physical activity and the everyday life of people with physical disabilities: A review of the literature. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 17(2), 144-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/15017419.2013.787369

Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., Muller, K. E., & Nizam, A. (1998). Applied regression analysis and other multivariate methods (3rd ed.). Boston: Duxbury Press.

Knittle, K., Nurmi, J., Crutzen, R., Hankonen, N., Beattie, M., & Dom­browski, S. U. (2018). How can interventions increase motivation for physical activity? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 12(3), 211-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2018.1435299

Kosma, M., Ellis, R., Cardinal, B. J., Bauer, J. J., & McCubbin, J. A. (2007). The mediating role of intention and stages of change in physical activity among adults with physical disabilities: An integrative framework. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 29(1), 21-38. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.29.1.21

Latimer, A. E., & Martin Ginis, K. A. (2005). The theory of planned behaviour in prediction of leisure time physical activity among individuals with spinal cord injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 50(4), 389-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.50.4.389

Lobenius-Palmér, K., Sjöqvist, B., Hurtig-Wennlöf, A., & Lundqvist, L. O. (2018). Accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time in youth with disabilities. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 35(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2015-0065

Martin, J. J. (2013). Benefits and barriers to physical activity for individuals with disabilities: A social-relational model of disability perspective. Disability and Rehabilitation, 35(24), 2030-2037. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2013.802377

Martin Ginis, K. A., Ma, J. K., Latimer-Cheung, A. E., & Rimmer, J. H. (2016). A systematic review of review articles addressing factors related to physical activity participation among children and adults with physical disabilities. Health Psychology Review, 10(4), 478-494. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2016.1198240

Martin Ginis, K. A., Papathomas, A., Perrier, M. J., Smith, B., & SHAPE-SCI Research Group. (2017). Psychosocial factors associated with physical activity in ambulatory and manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury: A mixed-methods study. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(2), 187-192. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2015.1045991

Martínez-Riera, J. R., Gallardo, C., Aguiló, A., Granados, M. C., López-Gómez, J., & Arroyo, H. V (2018). La universidad como comunidad: universidades promotoras de salud. Informe SESPAS 2018. Gaceta Sanitaria, 32(S1), 86–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.08.002

Mascarinas, A., & Blauwet, C. (2018). Policy and advocacy initiatives to promote the benefits of sports participation for individuals with disability. In A. J. De Luigi (Ed.), Adaptive Sports Medicine (pp. 371-384). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56568-2_30

Rimmer, J. H., Rubin, S. S., & Braddock, D. (2000). Barriers to exercise in African American women with physical disabilities. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 81(2), 182-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(00)90138-2

Rolfe, D. E., Yoshida K., Renwick R., & Bailey C. (2012). Balancing safety and autonomy: Structural and social barriers affecting the exercise participation of women with disabilities in community recreation and fitness facilities. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 4(2), 265–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2012.685099

Rosenthal, R. (1991). Meta- analytic procedures for social research (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Siegel, S., & Castellan, N. J. (1988). Non-parametric statistics for the behavioural Sciences (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Simeonsson, R. J., Carlson, D., Huntington, G. S., McMillen, J. S., & Brent, J. L. (2001). Students with disabilities: A national survey of participation in school activities. Disability and Rehabilitation, 23(2), 49-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/096382801750058134

Stapleton, J., & Martin Ginis, K. A. (2014). Sex differences in theory-based predictors of leisure time physical activity in a population-based sample of adults with spinal cord injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(9), 1787-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2014.03.021

Terry, D. J., & O’Leary, J. E. (1995). The theory of planned behaviour: The effects of perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 199–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01058.x

Tsouros, A. D., Dowding, G., Thompson, J., & Dooris, M. (Eds.). (1998). Health promoting universities: Concept, experience and framework for action. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/101640/E60163.pdf

Úbeda-Colomer, J., Devís-Devís, J., & Sit, C. H. P. (2019). Barriers to physical activity in university students with disabilities: Differences by sociodemographic variables. Disability and Health Journal, 12(2), 278-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.11.005

Úbeda-Colomer, J., Monforte, J., & Devís-Devís, J. (2019). Physical activity of university students with disabilities: Accomplishment of recommendations and differences by age, sex, disability and weight status. Public Health, 166, 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.10.006

Úbeda-Colomer, J., Peiró-Velert, C., & Devís-Devís, J. (2018). Validación de una versión reducida en español del instrumento Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments. Salud Pública de México, 60(4), 539-548. https://doi.org/10.21149/8541

Úbeda-Colomer, J., Pérez-Samaniego, V., & Devís-Devís, J. (2018). Propiedades psicométricas de un cuestionario de Teoría de la Conducta Planeada en la actividad física en alumnado universitario con discapacidad. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 18(2), 3-17.

Valis, J., & González, M. (2017). Physical activity differences for college students with disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, 10(1), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.09.003

Van Gelder, M., Bretveld, R. W., & Roeleveld, N. (2010). Web-based questionnaires: The future in epidemiology? American Journal of Epidemiology, 172(11), 1292-1298. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwq291

Vasudevan, V., Rimmer, J. H., & Kviz, F. (2015). Development of the barriers to physical activity questionnaire for people with mobility impairments. Disability and Health Journal, 8(4), 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.04.007

Whitley, E., & Ball, J. (2002). Statistics review 6: Nonparametric methods. Critical Care, 6(6), 509-513.

World Health Organization. (2018). Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. Geneva: World Health Organization. Recuperado de https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272722/9789241514187-eng.pdf

Wrzesinska, M., Lipert, A., Urzedowicz, B., & Pawlicki, L. (2018). Self-reported physical activity using International Physical Activity Questionnaire in adolescents and young adults with visual impairment. Disability and Health Journal, 11(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.05.001

Yoh, T., Mohr, M., & Gordon, B. (2008). Assessing satisfaction with campus recreation facilities among college students with physical disabilities. Recreational Sports Journal, 32(2), 106–113.