Socio-emotional competencies of Colombian high school students in face-to-face and virtual environments
Competencias socioemocionales de estudiantes de secundaria colombianos en entornos presenciales y virtuales
Ana M. González-Gómez
,
Santos Orejudo
,
Ana Cebollero-Salinas
Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, (2024), 56, pp. 81-91.
Received 22 September 2023
Accepted 30 May 2024
Introducción: Las competencias socioemocionales en la comunicación cara a cara son herramientas esenciales para el ajuste personal y social desde temprana edad. La comunicación en línea ha adquirido igual importancia, especialmente durante la adolescencia. Si bien se reconoce que sus características requieren habilidades específicas, hay escasez de estudios que analicen la relación existente entre las habilidades socioemocionales generalmente adquiridas y aquellas necesarias para la comunicación en línea. Por tanto, esta investigación tiene el objetivo de analizar cómo las habilidades socioemocionales fuera de línea predicen las competencias en línea entre chicas y chicos de manera diferenciada. Método: Este estudio incluyó a 478 estudiantes de educación secundaria con edades entre los 10 y 14 años. Este es un estudio transversal que utilizó el Path Analysis diferenciado por sexo, con muestreo intencional y no probabilístico. Para evaluar las competencias socioemocionales, se utilizó el instrumento ESCQ-21 para las competencias socioemocionales generales y el cuestionario e-COM para cuantificar las competencias socioemocionales en línea. Resultados: El modelo explicativo indica que las competencias socioemocionales se transfieren parcialmente al entorno en línea en ambos sexos, especialmente la Percepción y comprensión emocional. Además, se sugiere que el E-autocontrol de la impulsividad y la E-autonomía emocional requieren un desarrollo específico en ese entorno. Conclusiones: Parece razonable incorporar y mejorar las experiencias en línea fomentando el desarrollo de competencias socioemocionales para este contexto. Se examinan las repercusiones para el ámbito educativo.
Palabras clave:
Competencias emocionales, competencias sociales, emociones en línea, emociones fuera de línea, adolescentes.
Introduction: Socio-emotional competencies in face-to-face communication are an essential tool for personal and social adjustment from an early age. Online communication has become equally important, especially in adolescence. It is known that its characteristics require specific skills, but there is a lack of studies that analyse the relationship that exists between generally acquired socio-emotional skills and those necessary for online communication. Hence, this research is focused on analysing how offline socio-emotional skills predict these online competencies in girls and boys in a differentiated way. Method: This study included 478 Secondary Education students between 10 and 14 years of age. This is a cross-sectional study that used Path Analysis differentiated by sex, with intentional and non-probabilistic sampling. To assess socio-emotional competencies, we used the ESCQ-21 instrument for generally assessed socio-emotional competencies and the e-COM questionnaire to quantify online socio-emotional competencies. Results: The explanatory model indicates that socio-emotional competencies are partially transferred to the online environment in both sexes, especially Perception and comprehension. Furthermore, it is suggested that E-self-control of impulsiveness and E-emotional autonomy require specific development in that environment. Conclusions: It seems reasonable to include online experiences that encourage development in online spaces. The repercussions for the educational field are analysed.
Keywords:
Emotional competencies, social competencies, online emotions, offline emotions, teenagers.
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